Reinforced paper and method of making the same.



E. H. ANGIER & L. G. MILLER.

REINFORCED PAPER AND METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME.

APPLICAUON FILED MAY 10, 1918.

1,291,709. I Patented Jan. 21, 1919.

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EDWARD H. ANGIE-R, OF FRAMINGHAM, AND LAWRENCE G. MILLER, OF CAMBRIDGE,

MASSACHUSETTS; SAID MILLER ASSIGNOR TO SAID ANGIER.

REINFORCED PAPER AND METHOD OF MAKING THE. SAME.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 21, 1919.

Application filed May 10, 1918. Serial No. 233,803.

United States, and residents, respectively,

of Framingham, county of Middlesex, and Cambridge, county of Middlesex,and of the State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement inReinforced Paper and Methods of Making the Same, of'which the followingdescription, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is aspecification, like characters on the drawings representing like parts.

This invention relates to reinforced paper and a method of making thesame and is particularly directed to paper reinforced by strands whichextend, in whole or in part, transversely.

Our invention will best be understood by reference to the followingdescription taken in connection with the accompanying drawings whereinFigure 1 is in plan view of a portion of a paper web illustrative of ourinvention, part being broken away and part turned back to betterdisclose the structure;

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section thereof;

Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic view illustrating a method of preparing thepaper;

Fig. 4 is a plan view with parts broken away illustrating another formof reinforced Web embodying ou'rinvention; and

Fig. 5 is a longitudinal sectionthereof.

For brevity we shall describe the laminated structure disclosed in Figs.1 and 2 in .connection with a preferable method of manufacturing thesame, since the construction of the material will be clear from adescription of the process of making it.

Referring, therefore, to Fig. 3, we there illustrate diagrammatically apair of pres-- sure rollers 7 and 9 adapted to receive in superposedrelation webs of paper 11 and 13 from suitable supply rolls. The face ofone of the webs, as 11, is covered with a suitable adhesive 14 asdiagrammatically indicated by the representation of. a coatingroll 15.The adhesive used is preferably waterproof, asphalt or bitumen beingparticularly adapted for the purpose. Reinforcing strands 17 may be ledto the bite of the rolls 7 and 9 from spools 19 mounted on a suitablecreel. These strands are interposed between the two webs 11 and 13 andextend longitudinally of the same at suitable transverse 1ntervals. Onrotation of the rolls 7 and 9, the threads 17 are drawn from the spoolsat the same time as the webs 11 and 13 are drawn from their supply rollsand any suitable tension may be applied thereto so that the strands willbe stretched in the layer of adhesive interposed between the two websand will thus form a'true reinforcement for the paper.

As illustrated at the right hand side of Fig. 3, the edges of the webs11 and 13 do not coincide. Herein the two webs are of equal width andare relatively offset. There is thus provided a projecting edge portion21 consisting of one thickness of paper treated with a layer of asphaltin which may be embedded one or more of the reinforcing threads 17 andan opposite projecting edge 23 consisting solely of a thickness ofpaper. The laminated web thus provided may be divided in any suitablemanner by cuts transverse to the length thereof, thus to providesections such as the sections 25 and 27 in Fig. 1. Each of thesesections will comprise two sheets of paper, as 11 and 13*, united byadhesive 14 and having parallel strands 17 embedded therein. Since edgesof the webs 11 and 13 did not coincide the sections will have one ormore rabbeted edges. In the present example at one edge of the section25 the sheet 13 will project to form a flange or extension 23 and atthe'other edge the other sheet 11 will project as a flange 21 having acoating of adhesive thereon in which may be incorporated a thread orthreads, as shown in Fig. 2 where a portion of the section 27 is turnedback. A number of sections, as 25 and 27, can be joined end to end toform a web of indefinite length with the reinforcing strands .17extending transversely to the length of the web by joining the rabbetededges of the sections in splice joints. Preferably this is effected bylapping the uncoated flange of one section, as 23 of section 27, on thecoated flange of another section, as 21 of section 25, and pressing themtogether in such manner that the adhesive will unite the two flanges.There is thus provided a web composed of sections united by a splicejoint, which in the example here illustrated is a rabbeted or scarfjoint. In other words, the individual webs which form the compound webare made up of sections and the oints thereof are broken. There is thusprovided a web of indefinite length which is trans versely reinforcedand which although sectional is of ample longitudinal strength and whichis of the same thickness throughout.

. In the drawing we have shown the sections 25 and 27 as square. Thus,if the webs 11 and 13 are 40 inches in width, a laminated web of uniformthickness, 40 inches in width and provided with transversereinforcements, may be produced. Wider webs may,

-of. course, be made by cutting the sections proper tension so that theywould be stretched across the paper webs. This difficulty is avoided inthe present instances.

A transversely reinforced web such as has just been described may becombined with one or more other thicknesses of paper which preferablytake the form of true or continuous webs and with longitudinalreinforcements to provide a sheet or web reinforced in both directions.In Figs. 4 and 5 we have shown such a structure and in that instance toboth sides of the transversely reinforced web are secured other webs 29and 31 by means of adhesive layers 33 and 35 in which are embeddedlongitudinal reinforcing strands 37 and 39. In the present instance thelongitudinal strands 37 on one side of the transversely reinforced webare out of alinement or staggered with the threads 39 on the other side.This hasthe advantage that the transverse threads 17 are, as it were,bound down from both sides.

-A compound web as illustrated in Figs. 4

and 5 presents a perfectly smooth surface without joints and is ofsubstantially uniform strength.

While any suitable adhesive may be used, we preferably use pitch orasphalt. Acompound structure of the type disclosed made up of a numberof comparatively thin layers will be much more flexible than aunitarydevice of the same thickness. Furthermore, pitch or asphalt will permitslight movement of the parts, promoting their flexibility so that whenwrapped around a curved surface they will fit closely thereto. In oneview of the material, it might be said that strain-resisting strands areprovided for which the sheets of paper serve as a' carrier andpositioner while they also, while rememos lieved of strain, provide animpervious covering layer.

Obviously, compound sheets or strips of any given number of laminationsand with the reinforcements combined in different ways can beconstructed in accordance with the principles of our invention. The twoillustrative embodiments will sufliciently illustrate the underlyingprinciples. What we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patentis:

1. A method of preparing transversely reinforced paper which comprisesthe follow ing steps :coating a sheet with adhesive, insertingreinforcing strands in said adhesive coating, superposing a second sheeton the adhesive with edges offset from those of the first sheet anduniting lengths of the laminated material so made by securing togethermarginal portions provided by said oflset edges in a splice jointwhereby to provide a web of uniform thickness.

2. A method of preparing transversely reinforced paper which comprisesthe follow ing steps :coating a sheet with adhesive,

inserting reinforcing strands in said adhesive coating, superposing asecond sheet on the adhesive with edges offset from those of the firstsheet, transversely dividing the sheet and securing together the stripsso formed by overlapping in asplice joint the margins provided by theofiset edges.

3. A method of preparing a transversely reinforced web characterized bydividing a longitudinally reinforced web and uniting the sections edgeto edge by a splice joint of thickness uniform with the body of thesection.v

4. A method of preparing a transversely reinforced web characterized bypreparing material reinforced by unwoven longitudinally extendingstrands with rabbeted side edges and uniting lengths of said materialedge'to edge by splice joints.

5. A reinforced paper comprising webs united by an adhesive layer inwhich are incorporated independent strands stretched transversely acrosssaid webs, each web eoin prising sections set end to end the joints ofthe two webs being out of alinement.

6. A reinforced web of indefinite length comprising two thicknesses ofpaper joined by a layer of waterproof adhesive in which are incorporatedreinforcing strands extending transversely to the length of the web,said web being formed of sections unitedby scarf joints.

-7. A reinforced paper comprising webs united by an adhesive layer inwhich are incorporated transverse strands, other webs on oppositesidesthereof united thereto by adhesive layers and longitudinal strands insaid latter layers, the elements of adjacent sets oflongitudinal-strands being out of alinement.

ioo

A reinforced paper comprising webs unlted by an adhesive layer in whichare incorporated independent strands stretched transversely across saidwebs, each web comprising sections set end to end and true or continuouswebs on'opposite sides of said first mentioned webs united thereto byadhesive layers and longitudinal strands in said latter layers, theelements of adjacent sets of longitudinal strands being out ofalinement.

9. A reinforced paper comprising webs united by an adhesive layer inwhich are incorporated independent strands stretched transversely acrosssaid webs, each web comprising sections set end to end, a true orcontinuous Web on one side of said firstmentioned webs united thereto byan adhesive layer, longitudinal strands in the lastmentioned layer, andanother true or continuous web adhesively secured on the opposite sideof said first-mentioned webs, the whole providing a laminated materialhaving no joints on the outer faces thereof.

10. A reinforced ,paper comprising webs united by an adhesive layer inwhlch are incorporated independent strands stretched transverselyacrosssaid webs, each web cornprismg sections set end to end, the ointsbetween the sections of the webs being out of alinement, a true orcontinuous web on one side of said first-mentioned webs united theretoby an adhesive layer, longitudinal strands in the last-mentioned layer,and another true or continuous web adhesively secured on the oppositeside of said first-mentioned webs, the whole providing a laminatedmaterial having no joints on the outer faces thereof.

11. A reinforced paper comprising webs united by an adhesive layer inwhich are incorporated independent strands stretched transversely acrosssaid webs, each web com prising sections set end to end, the joints ofthe two webs being out of alinement, and true or continuous websadhesively secured to opposite sides of the first webs, the wholeproviding a laminated material having no joints on the outer facesthereof.

In testimony whereof, we have signed our names to this s ecification.

' E WARD H. ANGIER.

LAWRENCE G. MILLER.

